Portal:Sistema Solar
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El portal del sistema solar

El Sol y los planetas del Sistema Solar (distancias no a escala)

El Sistema Solar es el sistema gravitacionalmente unido por el Sol y los objetos que orbitan alrededor de él. Se formó hace unos 4.600 millones de años cuando una región densa de una nube molecular colapsó, formando el Sol y un disco protoplanetario . El Sol es una estrella típica que mantiene un equilibrio equilibrado mediante la fusión de hidrógeno en helio en su núcleo , liberando esta energía de su fotosfera exterior . Los astrónomos lo clasifican como una estrella de secuencia principal de tipo G.

Los objetos más grandes que orbitan alrededor del Sol son los ocho planetas . En orden desde el Sol, son cuatro planetas terrestres ( Mercurio , Venus , Tierra y Marte ); dos gigantes gaseosos ( Júpiter y Saturno ); y dos gigantes de hielo ( Urano y Neptuno ). Todos los planetas terrestres tienen superficies sólidas. Inversamente, todos los planetas gigantes no tienen una superficie definida, ya que están compuestos principalmente de gases y líquidos. Más del 99,86% de la masa del Sistema Solar está en el Sol y casi el 90% de la masa restante está en Júpiter y Saturno.

Existe un fuerte consenso entre los astrónomos de que el Sistema Solar tiene al menos nueve planetas enanos : Ceres , Orcus , Plutón , Haumea , Quaoar , Makemake , Gonggong , Eris y Sedna . Hay una gran cantidad de cuerpos pequeños en el Sistema Solar , como asteroides , cometas , centauros , meteoroides y nubes de polvo interplanetarias . Algunos de estos cuerpos están en el cinturón de asteroides (entre la órbita de Marte y Júpiter) y el cinturón de Kuiper (justo fuera de la órbita de Neptuno). Seis planetas, siete planetas enanos y otros cuerpos tienen satélites naturales en órbita , que comúnmente se denominan "lunas".

El Sistema Solar está constantemente inundado por las partículas cargadas del Sol , el viento solar , que forman la heliosfera . A unas 75-90 unidades astronómicas del Sol, el viento solar se detiene, lo que da lugar a la heliopausa . Este es el límite del Sistema Solar con el espacio interestelar . La región más exterior del Sistema Solar es la nube de Oort , la fuente de los cometas de largo período , que se extiende hasta un radio de2.000–200.000 UA . La estrella más cercana al Sistema Solar, Próxima Centauri , se encuentra a 4,25 años luz (269.000 UA). Ambas estrellas pertenecen a la Vía Láctea . ( Artículo completo... )

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Makemake visto por el telescopio espacial Hubble.
Makemake visto por el telescopio espacial Hubble.
Makemake es el tercer planeta enano más grande conocido en el Sistema Solar y uno de los dosobjetos del cinturón de Kuiper (KBO) más grandes en la población clásica de KBO . Su diámetro es aproximadamente tres cuartas partes del de Plutón . Makemake no tiene satélites conocidos, lo que lo hace único entre los KBO más grandes. Su temperatura promedio extremadamente baja (alrededor de 30  K ) significa que su superficie está cubierta de metano , etano y posiblemente hielo de nitrógeno. Inicialmente conocido como 2005 FY 9 (y luego dado el número de planeta menor 136472), fue descubierto el 31 de marzo de 2005 por un equipo dirigido por Michael Brown y anunciado el 29 de julio de 2005. El 11 de junio de 2008, la IAU incluyó a Makemake en su lista de candidatos potenciales para recibir el estado de " plutoide ", un término para los planetas enanos más allá de la órbita de Neptuno que colocaría al objeto junto a Plutón y Eris . Makemake fue clasificado formalmente como plutoide en julio de 2008. ( Artículo completo... )

Imagen seleccionada

  • Imagen 1 Salida de la Tierra, vista por el Apolo 8 Crédito del Apolo 8: William Anders Salida de la Tierra, la primera ocasión en la que los humanos vieron que la Tierra aparentemente se elevaba sobre la superficie de la Luna, tomada durante la misión Apolo 8 el 24 de diciembre de 1968. Esta vista fue vista por la tripulación al comienzo de su cuarta órbita alrededor de la Luna, aunque la primera fotografía tomada fue en blanco y negro. Nótese que la Tierra está en sombra aquí. No se tomaría una foto de una Tierra completamente iluminada hasta la misión Apolo 17. '"`UNIQ--templatestyles-0000000F-QINU`"' Más imágenes seleccionadas
    Imagen 1
    La salida de la Tierra, vista por el Apolo 8
    La salida de la Tierra, vista por el Apolo 8
    Salida de la Tierra , la primera ocasión en la que los humanos vieron que la Tierra aparentemente se elevaba sobre la superficie de la Luna , tomada durante la misión Apolo 8 el 24 de diciembre de 1968. Esta vista fue vista por la tripulación al comienzo de su cuarta órbita alrededor de la Luna, aunque la primera fotografía tomada fue en blanco y negro. Nótese que la Tierra está en sombra aquí.No se tomaría una foto de una Tierra completamente iluminada hasta la misión Apolo 17 .
  • Image 2 Milky Way Photograph credit: ESO / Stéphane Guisard The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains the Solar System, with the name describing the galaxy's appearance from Earth: a hazy band of light seen in the night sky formed from stars that cannot be individually distinguished by the naked eye. The term Milky Way is a translation of the Latin via lactea, from the Greek γαλαξίας κύκλος (galaxías kýklos, 'milky circle'). From Earth, the Milky Way appears as a band because its disk-shaped structure is viewed from within. Galileo Galilei first resolved the band of light into individual stars with his telescope in 1610. Until the early 1920s, most astronomers thought that the Milky Way contained all the stars in the Universe. Following the 1920 Great Debate between the astronomers Harlow Shapley and Heber Curtis, observations by Edwin Hubble showed that the Milky Way is just one of many galaxies. This picture shows a portion of the Milky Way as seen from Cerro Paranal in Chile, home to the European Southern Observatory (ESO)'s Very Large Telescope, depicting the region spanning the constellations from Sagittarius to Scorpius. The colourful nebulae surrounding Rho Ophiuchi and Antares can be seen to the right, while the dusty lane of the galaxy runs obliquely through the image, dotted with reddish objects such as the Lagoon and Trifid Nebulae. This region of the Milky Way also includes the Galactic Center, likely containing a supermassive black hole, Sagittarius A*. More selected pictures
    Imagen 2
    Crédito de la fotografía: ESO  / Stéphane Guisard
    The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains the Solar System, with the name describing the galaxy's appearance from Earth: a hazy band of light seen in the night sky formed from stars that cannot be individually distinguished by the naked eye. The term Milky Way is a translation of the Latin via lactea, from the Greek γαλαξίας κύκλος (galaxías kýklos, 'milky circle'). From Earth, the Milky Way appears as a band because its disk-shaped structure is viewed from within. Galileo Galilei first resolved the band of light into individual stars with his telescope in 1610. Until the early 1920s, most astronomers thought that the Milky Way contained all the stars in the Universe. Following the 1920 Great Debate between the astronomers Harlow Shapley and Heber Curtis, observations by Edwin Hubble showed that the Milky Way is just one of many galaxies.

    This picture shows a portion of the Milky Way as seen from Cerro Paranal in Chile, home to the European Southern Observatory (ESO)'s Very Large Telescope, depicting the region spanning the constellations from Sagittarius to Scorpius. The colourful nebulae surrounding Rho Ophiuchi and Antares can be seen to the right, while the dusty lane of the galaxy runs obliquely through the image, dotted with reddish objects such as the Lagoon and Trifid Nebulae. This region of the Milky Way also includes the Galactic Center, likely containing a supermassive black hole, Sagittarius A*.
  • Image 3 Climate of Mars Photograph credit: NASA / JPL–Caltech / University of Arizona Although Mars is smaller than the Earth and 50 percent farther from the Sun, its climate has important similarities with the Earth, such as the presence of polar ice caps, seasonal changes and observable weather patterns. This image shows layered deposits in Planum Boreum, in the north polar region of Mars, which formed from a 3-kilometre-thick (2 mi) stack of dusty water-ice layers about 1,000 km (600 mi) across. The layers record information about the climate of the planet stretching back several million years. Erosion has created scarps and troughs that expose the layering. The tan-colored layers are the dusty water ice of the polar layered deposits, however a section of bluish layers is visible below them. These bluish layers contain sand-sized rock fragments that likely formed a large polar dunefield before the overlying dusty ice was deposited. This photograph, depicting an area approximately 1.3 km (0.8 mi) across, was captured by the HiRISE camera on board NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. More selected pictures
    Image 3
    Photograph credit: NASA / JPL–Caltech / University of Arizona
    Although Mars is smaller than the Earth and 50 percent farther from the Sun, its climate has important similarities with the Earth, such as the presence of polar ice caps, seasonal changes and observable weather patterns. This image shows layered deposits in Planum Boreum, in the north polar region of Mars, which formed from a 3-kilometre-thick (2 mi) stack of dusty water-ice layers about 1,000 km (600 mi) across. The layers record information about the climate of the planet stretching back several million years. Erosion has created scarps and troughs that expose the layering. The tan-colored layers are the dusty water ice of the polar layered deposits, however a section of bluish layers is visible below them. These bluish layers contain sand-sized rock fragments that likely formed a large polar dunefield before the overlying dusty ice was deposited. This photograph, depicting an area approximately 1.3 km (0.8 mi) across, was captured by the HiRISE camera on board NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.
  • Image 4 Great Red Spot Photo credit: Voyager 1 False-color detail of Jupiter's atmosphere, imaged by Voyager 1, showing the Great Red Spot and a passing white oval. The wavy cloud pattern to the left of the Red Spot is a region of extraordinarily complex and variable wave motion. To give a sense of Jupiter's scale, the white oval storm directly below the Great Red Spot is approximately the same diameter as Earth. More selected pictures
    Image 4
    Photo credit: Voyager 1
    False-color detail of Jupiter's atmosphere, imaged by Voyager 1, showing the Great Red Spot and a passing white oval. The wavy cloud pattern to the left of the Red Spot is a region of extraordinarily complex and variable wave motion. To give a sense of Jupiter's scale, the white oval storm directly below the Great Red Spot is approximately the same diameter as Earth.
  • Image 5 Uranus Photo: NASA/JPL/Voyager 2 mission Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun and the fourth most massive in the Solar System. In this photograph from 1986 the planet appears almost featureless, but recent terrestrial observations have found seasonal changes to be occurring. More selected pictures
    Image 5
    Photo: NASA/JPL/Voyager 2 mission
    Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun and the fourth most massive in the Solar System. In this photograph from 1986 the planet appears almost featureless, but recent terrestrial observations have found seasonal changes to be occurring.
  • Image 6 Lunar phase Image: Tom Ruen An animation of the phases of the Moon. As the Moon revolves around the Earth, the Sun lights the Moon from a different side, creating the different phases. In the image, the Moon appears to get bigger as well as "wobble" slightly. Tidal locking synchronizes the Moon's rotation period on its axis to match its orbital period around the earth. These two periods nearly cancel each other out, except that the Moon's orbit is elliptical. This causes its orbital motion to speed up when closer to the Earth, and slow down when farther away, causing the Moon's apparent diameter to change, as well as the wobbling motion observed. More selected pictures
    Image 6
    Image: Tom Ruen
    An animation of the phases of the Moon. As the Moon revolves around the Earth, the Sun lights the Moon from a different side, creating the different phases. In the image, the Moon appears to get bigger as well as "wobble" slightly. Tidal locking synchronizes the Moon's rotation period on its axis to match its orbital period around the earth. These two periods nearly cancel each other out, except that the Moon's orbit is elliptical. This causes its orbital motion to speed up when closer to the Earth, and slow down when farther away, causing the Moon's apparent diameter to change, as well as the wobbling motion observed.
  • Image 7 Five global views of Venus by Magellan. Magellan (spacecraft) Credit: NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory These images are composites of the complete radar image collection obtained by the Magellan mission. The Magellan spacecraft was launched aboard Space Shuttle Atlantis in May 1989 and began mapping the surface of Venus in September 1990. The spacecraft continued to orbit Venus for four years, returning high-resolution images, altimetry, thermal emissions and gravity maps of 98 percent of the surface. Magellan spacecraft operations ended on October 12, 1994, when the radio contact was lost with the spacecraft during its controlled descent into the deeper portions of the Venusian atmosphere. '"`UNIQ--templatestyles-00000011-QINU`"' More selected pictures
    Image 7
    These images are composites of the complete radar image collection obtained by the Magellan mission. The Magellan spacecraft was launched aboard Space Shuttle Atlantis in May 1989 and began mapping the surface of Venus in September 1990. The spacecraft continued to orbit Venus for four years, returning high-resolution images, altimetry, thermal emissions and gravity maps of 98 percent of the surface. Magellan spacecraft operations ended on October 12, 1994, when the radio contact was lost with the spacecraft during its controlled descent into the deeper portions of the Venusian atmosphere.
  • Image 8 The Blue Marble Photo credit: The Apollo 17 crew The Blue Marble is a famous photograph of Earth. NASA officially credits the image to the entire Apollo 17 crew — Eugene Cernan, Ronald Evans and Jack Schmitt — all of whom took photographic images during the mission. Apollo 17 passed over Africa during daylight hours and Antarctica is also illuminated. The photograph was taken approximately five hours after the spacecraft's launch, while en route to the Moon. Apollo 17, notably, was the last manned lunar mission; no humans since have been at a range where taking a "whole-Earth" photograph such as "The Blue Marble" would be possible. More selected pictures
    Image 8
    Photo credit: The Apollo 17 crew
    The Blue Marble is a famous photograph of Earth. NASA officially credits the image to the entire Apollo 17 crew — Eugene Cernan, Ronald Evans and Jack Schmitt — all of whom took photographic images during the mission. Apollo 17 passed over Africa during daylight hours and Antarctica is also illuminated. The photograph was taken approximately five hours after the spacecraft's launch, while en route to the Moon. Apollo 17, notably, was the last manned lunar mission; no humans since have been at a range where taking a "whole-Earth" photograph such as "The Blue Marble" would be possible.
  • Image 9 The Day the Earth Smiled Photograph: NASA/JPL-Caltech/SSI The Day the Earth Smiled refers to the date July 19, 2013, on which the Cassini spacecraft turned to image Saturn, its entire ring system, and the Earth from a position where Saturn eclipsed the Sun. Cassini imaging team leader and planetary scientist Carolyn Porco called for all the world's people to reflect on humanity's place in the cosmos, to marvel at life on Earth, and to look up and smile in celebration. The final mosaic, shown here, was released four months later and includes planets Earth, Mars, and Venus, and a host of Saturnian moons. More selected pictures
    Image 9
    Photograph: NASA/JPL-Caltech/SSI
    The Day the Earth Smiled refers to the date July 19, 2013, on which the Cassini spacecraft turned to image Saturn, its entire ring system, and the Earth from a position where Saturn eclipsed the Sun. Cassini imaging team leader and planetary scientist Carolyn Porco called for all the world's people to reflect on humanity's place in the cosmos, to marvel at life on Earth, and to look up and smile in celebration. The final mosaic, shown here, was released four months later and includes planets Earth, Mars, and Venus, and a host of Saturnian moons.
  • Image 10 C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy) Photograph: John Vermette C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy) is a long-period comet discovered in 2014 by Australian astronomer Terry Lovejoy using a 0.2-meter (8 in) Schmidt–Cassegrain telescope. It was discovered at apparent magnitude 15 in the southern constellation of Puppis, and is the fifth comet discovered by Lovejoy. Its blue-green glow is the result of organic molecules and water released by the comet fluorescing under the harsh UV and optical light of the sun as it passes through space. More selected pictures
    Image 10
    Photograph: John Vermette
    C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy) is a long-period comet discovered in 2014 by Australian astronomer Terry Lovejoy using a 0.2-meter (8 in) Schmidt–Cassegrain telescope. It was discovered at apparent magnitude 15 in the southern constellation of Puppis, and is the fifth comet discovered by Lovejoy. Its blue-green glow is the result of organic molecules and water released by the comet fluorescing under the harsh UV and optical light of the sun as it passes through space.
  • Image 11 Sun Photograph credit: NASA/SDO The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is a nearly perfect sphere of plasma, heated by nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium in its core, with internal convective motion that generates a magnetic field via a dynamo process. It is by far the most important source of energy for life on Earth. Its diameter is about 1.39 million kilometres (860,000 miles) or 109 times that of Earth, while its mass is about 330,000 times that of Earth. It accounts for about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System. Roughly three-quarters of the Sun's mass consists of hydrogen; the rest is mostly helium, with much smaller quantities of heavier elements, including oxygen, carbon, neon and iron. This false-color photograph of the Sun was taken by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly instrument on NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) at a wavelength of 304 angstroms, in the extreme ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum. More selected pictures
    Image 11
    Photograph credit: NASA/SDO
    The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is a nearly perfect sphere of plasma, heated by nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium in its core, with internal convective motion that generates a magnetic field via a dynamo process. It is by far the most important source of energy for life on Earth. Its diameter is about 1.39 million kilometres (860,000 miles) or 109 times that of Earth, while its mass is about 330,000 times that of Earth. It accounts for about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System. Roughly three-quarters of the Sun's mass consists of hydrogen; the rest is mostly helium, with much smaller quantities of heavier elements, including oxygen, carbon, neon and iron.

    This false-color photograph of the Sun was taken by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly instrument on NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) at a wavelength of 304 angstroms, in the extreme ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
  • Image 12 Solar eclipse of 11 August 1999 Solar eclipse of 1999 August 11 Credit: Luc Viatour The solar eclipse of 1999 August 11, as seen from France. This was the most viewed total eclipse in human history, although some areas offered impaired visibility due to adverse weather conditions. The path of the Moon's shadow began in the Atlantic Ocean, before traversing Cornwall, northern France, southern Germany, Austria, Hungary and northern Serbia. Its maximum was in Romania, and it continued across the Black Sea, Turkey, Iran, southern Pakistan and India. '"`UNIQ--templatestyles-00000013-QINU`"' More selected pictures
    Image 12
    Solar eclipse of 11 August 1999
    Solar eclipse of 11 August 1999
    The solar eclipse of 1999 August 11, as seen from France. This was the most viewed total eclipse in human history, although some areas offered impaired visibility due to adverse weather conditions. The path of the Moon's shadow began in the Atlantic Ocean, before traversing Cornwall, northern France, southern Germany, Austria, Hungary and northern Serbia. Its maximum was in Romania, and it continued across the Black Sea, Turkey, Iran, southern Pakistan and India.
  • Image 13 Husband Hill Photo credit: Spirit rover A 360° panorama taken during the descent from the summit of Husband Hill, one of the Columbia Hills in Gusev crater, Mars. This stitched image is composed of 405 individual images taken with five different filters on the panoramic camera over the course of five Martian days. More selected pictures
    Image 13
    Photo credit: Spirit rover
    A 360° panorama taken during the descent from the summit of Husband Hill, one of the Columbia Hills in Gusev crater, Mars. This stitched image is composed of 405 individual images taken with five different filters on the panoramic camera over the course of five Martian days.
  • Image 14 Mars Mars Credit: NASA Mars, the fourth planet from the Sun, is named after the Roman god of war because of its blood red color. Mars has two small, oddly-shaped moons, Phobos and Deimos, named after the sons of the Greek god Ares. At some point in the future Phobos will be broken up by gravitational forces. The atmosphere on Mars is 95% carbon dioxide. In 2003 methane was also discovered in the atmosphere. Since methane is an unstable gas, this indicates that there must be (or have been within the last few hundred years) a source of the gas on the planet. '"`UNIQ--templatestyles-00000010-QINU`"' More selected pictures
    Image 14
    Mars
    Mars
    Credit: NASA
    Mars, the fourth planet from the Sun, is named after the Roman god of war because of its blood red color. Mars has two small, oddly-shaped moons, Phobos and Deimos, named after the sons of the Greek god Ares. At some point in the future Phobos will be broken up by gravitational forces. The atmosphere on Mars is 95% carbon dioxide. In 2003 methane was also discovered in the atmosphere. Since methane is an unstable gas, this indicates that there must be (or have been within the last few hundred years) a source of the gas on the planet.
  • Image 15 Geology of Venus Image credit: NASA A radar image of the surface of Venus, centered at 180 degrees east longitude. This composite image was created from mapping by the Magellan probe, supplemented by data gathered by the Pioneer orbiter, with simulated hues based on color images recorded by Venera 13 and 14. No probe has been able to survive more than a few hours on Venus's surface, which is completely obscured by clouds, because the atmospheric pressure is some 90 times that of the Earth's, and its surface temperature is around 450 °C (842 °F). More selected pictures
    Image 15
    Image credit: NASA
    A radar image of the surface of Venus, centered at 180 degrees east longitude. This composite image was created from mapping by the Magellan probe, supplemented by data gathered by the Pioneer orbiter, with simulated hues based on color images recorded by Venera 13 and 14. No probe has been able to survive more than a few hours on Venus's surface, which is completely obscured by clouds, because the atmospheric pressure is some 90 times that of the Earth's, and its surface temperature is around 450 °C (842 °F).
  • Image 16 Moon Photograph credit: Gregory H. Revera The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth and the fifth largest moon in the Solar System. Owing to its synchronous rotation around Earth, the Moon always shows essentially the same face: its near side, which is marked by dark volcanic maria, as well as the bright ancient crustal highlands and the prominent impact craters. However, variations in the Moon's orbital speed due to its orbital eccentricity cause a libration of several degrees of longitude; the alignment of the Moon's orbital plane causes a similar libration in latitude. The Moon was first reached in September 1959 by the Soviet Union's unmanned Luna 2, followed by the first successful soft landing by Luna 9 in 1966. The United States Apollo program achieved the only manned lunar missions to date, including Apollo 8 in 1968, the first manned orbital mission, as well as Apollo 11, the first of six manned landings between 1969 and 1972. This picture shows the near side of the Moon close to its greatest northern ecliptic latitude, so the southern craters are especially prominent. Tranquility Base, Apollo 11's landing site, is located near the mid-right in the photograph. More selected pictures
    Image 16
    Photograph credit: Gregory H. Revera
    The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth and the fifth largest moon in the Solar System. Owing to its synchronous rotation around Earth, the Moon always shows essentially the same face: its near side, which is marked by dark volcanic maria, as well as the bright ancient crustal highlands and the prominent impact craters. However, variations in the Moon's orbital speed due to its orbital eccentricity cause a libration of several degrees of longitude; the alignment of the Moon's orbital plane causes a similar libration in latitude. The Moon was first reached in September 1959 by the Soviet Union's unmanned Luna 2, followed by the first successful soft landing by Luna 9 in 1966. The United States Apollo program achieved the only manned lunar missions to date, including Apollo 8 in 1968, the first manned orbital mission, as well as Apollo 11, the first of six manned landings between 1969 and 1972.

    This picture shows the near side of the Moon close to its greatest northern ecliptic latitude, so the southern craters are especially prominent. Tranquility Base, Apollo 11's landing site, is located near the mid-right in the photograph.
  • Image 17 Comet Hale-Bopp 29-03-1997 Comet Hale–Bopp Credit: Philipp Salzgeber Comet Hale–Bopp sails across the sky in the vicinity of Pazin in Istria, Croatia. To the lower right of the comet the Andromeda Galaxy is also faintly visible. The comet was visible to the naked eye for a record 18 months, twice as long as the Great Comet of 1811. At perihelion, it shone brighter than any star in the sky except Sirius, and its two tails stretched 30-40 degrees across the sky. The passage of Hale-Bopp was notable also for inciting a degree of panic about comets not seen for decades. Rumours that the comet was being followed by an alien spacecraft inspired a mass suicide among followers of the Heaven's Gate cult. '"`UNIQ--templatestyles-00000014-QINU`"' More selected pictures
    Image 17
    Comet Hale-Bopp 29-03-1997
    Comet Hale-Bopp 29-03-1997
    Credit: Philipp Salzgeber
    Comet Hale–Bopp sails across the sky in the vicinity of Pazin in Istria, Croatia. To the lower right of the comet the Andromeda Galaxy is also faintly visible. The comet was visible to the naked eye for a record 18 months, twice as long as the Great Comet of 1811. At perihelion, it shone brighter than any star in the sky except Sirius, and its two tails stretched 30-40 degrees across the sky. The passage of Hale-Bopp was notable also for inciting a degree of panic about comets not seen for decades. Rumours that the comet was being followed by an alien spacecraft inspired a mass suicide among followers of the Heaven's Gate cult.
  • Image 18 Pale Blue Dot Photo credit: NASA/JPL Pale Blue Dot is the name given to this 1990 photo of Earth taken from Voyager 1 when its vantage point reached the edge of the Solar System, a distance of roughly 3.7 billion miles (6 billion kilometres). Earth can be seen as a blueish-white speck approximately halfway down the brown band to the right. The light band over Earth is an artifact of sunlight scattering in the camera's lens, resulting from the small angle between Earth and the Sun. Carl Sagan came up with the idea of turning the spacecraft around to take a composite image of the Solar System. Six years later, he reflected, "All of human history has happened on that tiny pixel, which is our only home." More selected pictures
    Image 18
    Photo credit: NASA/JPL
    Pale Blue Dot is the name given to this 1990 photo of Earth taken from Voyager 1 when its vantage point reached the edge of the Solar System, a distance of roughly 3.7 billion miles (6 billion kilometres). Earth can be seen as a blueish-white speck approximately halfway down the brown band to the right. The light band over Earth is an artifact of sunlight scattering in the camera's lens, resulting from the small angle between Earth and the Sun. Carl Sagan came up with the idea of turning the spacecraft around to take a composite image of the Solar System. Six years later, he reflected, "All of human history has happened on that tiny pixel, which is our only home."
  • Image 19 Neptune Photograph credit: NASA / JPL Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System. In the Solar System, it is the fourth-largest planet by diameter, the third-most-massive planet and the densest giant planet. Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth, slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus. Neptune is denser and physically smaller than Uranus because its greater mass causes more gravitational compression of its atmosphere. Neptune orbits the Sun once every 164.8 years at an average distance of 30.1 au (4.5 billion km; 2.8 billion mi). It is named after the Roman god of the sea and has the astronomical symbol ♆, a stylised version of the god Neptune's trident. This picture of Neptune was taken by NASA's Voyager 2 spacecraft in 1989, at a range of 4.4 million miles (7.1 million kilometres) from the planet, approximately four days before closest approach. The photograph shows the Great Dark Spot, a storm about the size of Earth, in the centre, while the fast-moving bright feature nicknamed the "Scooter" and the Small Dark Spot can be seen on the western limb. These clouds were seen to persist for as long as the spacecraft's cameras could resolve them. More selected pictures
    Image 19
    Photograph credit: NASA / JPL
    Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System. In the Solar System, it is the fourth-largest planet by diameter, the third-most-massive planet and the densest giant planet. Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth, slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus. Neptune is denser and physically smaller than Uranus because its greater mass causes more gravitational compression of its atmosphere. Neptune orbits the Sun once every 164.8 years at an average distance of 30.1 au (4.5 billion km; 2.8 billion mi). It is named after the Roman god of the sea and has the astronomical symbol ♆, a stylised version of the god Neptune's trident.

    This picture of Neptune was taken by NASA's Voyager 2 spacecraft in 1989, at a range of 4.4 million miles (7.1 million kilometres) from the planet, approximately four days before closest approach. The photograph shows the Great Dark Spot, a storm about the size of Earth, in the centre, while the fast-moving bright feature nicknamed the "Scooter" and the Small Dark Spot can be seen on the western limb. These clouds were seen to persist for as long as the spacecraft's cameras could resolve them.
  • Image 20 Jupiter Jupiter Credit: Cassini probe Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and by far the largest within the Solar System. It is 318 times more massive than Earth, with a diameter 11 times that of Earth, and with a volume 1300 times that of Earth. Its best known feature is the Great Red Spot, a storm larger than Earth, which was first observed by Galileo four centuries ago. This picture, taken by the Cassini orbiter was one of 26 thousand images taken of Jupiter during the course of its flyby and is the most detailed global color portrait of the planet ever produced. '"`UNIQ--templatestyles-00000012-QINU`"' More selected pictures
    Image 20
    Jupiter
    Jupiter
    Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and by far the largest within the Solar System. It is 318 times more massive than Earth, with a diameter 11 times that of Earth, and with a volume 1300 times that of Earth. Its best known feature is the Great Red Spot, a storm larger than Earth, which was first observed by Galileo four centuries ago. This picture, taken by the Cassini orbiter was one of 26 thousand images taken of Jupiter during the course of its flyby and is the most detailed global color portrait of the planet ever produced.
  • Image 21 Sunspot TRACE image Sunspot Credit: NASA/TRACE A TRACE image of sunspots on the surface, or photosphere, of the Sun from September 2002, is taken in the far ultraviolet on a relatively quiet day for solar activity. However, the image still shows a large sunspot group visible as a bright area near the horizon. Although sunspots are relatively cool regions on the surface of the Sun, the bright glowing gas flowing around the sunspots have a temperature of over one million °C (1.8 million °F). The high temperatures are thought to be related to the rapidly changing magnetic field loops that channel solar plasma. '"`UNIQ--templatestyles-0000000E-QINU`"' More selected pictures
    Image 21
    Sunspot TRACE image
    Sunspot TRACE image
    A TRACE image of sunspots on the surface, or photosphere, of the Sun from September 2002, is taken in the far ultraviolet on a relatively quiet day for solar activity. However, the image still shows a large sunspot group visible as a bright area near the horizon. Although sunspots are relatively cool regions on the surface of the Sun, the bright glowing gas flowing around the sunspots have a temperature of over one million °C (1.8 million °F). The high temperatures are thought to be related to the rapidly changing magnetic field loops that channel solar plasma.
  • Image 22 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko Photograph: ESA/Rosetta/NAVCAM A black-and-white photographic mosaic depicting the comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, as photographed by the probe Rosetta. This Jupiter-family comet, which was originally from the Kuiper belt, is about 4.3 km (2.7 mi) across, has a current orbital period of 6.45 years, a rotation period of approximately 12.4 hours, and a maximum velocity of 135,000 km/h (38 km/s; 84,000 mph). It was first observed on photographic plates in 1969 by Soviet astronomers Klim Churyumov and Svetlana Gerasimenko, after whom it is named. More selected pictures
    Image 22
    Photograph: ESA/Rosetta/NAVCAM
    A black-and-white photographic mosaic depicting the comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, as photographed by the probe Rosetta. This Jupiter-family comet, which was originally from the Kuiper belt, is about 4.3 km (2.7 mi) across, has a current orbital period of 6.45 years, a rotation period of approximately 12.4 hours, and a maximum velocity of 135,000 km/h (38 km/s; 84,000 mph). It was first observed on photographic plates in 1969 by Soviet astronomers Klim Churyumov and Svetlana Gerasimenko, after whom it is named.
  • Image 23 Saturn Photo credit: Cassini orbiter Saturn eclipsing the Sun, as seen by the Cassini orbiter. Individual rings seen in this image include (in order, starting from most distant): E ring, Pallene ring (visible very faintly in an arc just below Saturn), G ring, Janus/Epimetheus ring (faint), F ring (narrow brightest feature), Main rings (A,B,C), and D ring (bluish, nearest Saturn). Interior to the G ring and above the brighter main rings is the pale dot of Earth. More selected pictures
    Image 23
    Photo credit: Cassini orbiter
    Saturn eclipsing the Sun, as seen by the Cassini orbiter. Individual rings seen in this image include (in order, starting from most distant): E ring, Pallene ring (visible very faintly in an arc just below Saturn), G ring, Janus/Epimetheus ring (faint), F ring (narrow brightest feature), Main rings (A,B,C), and D ring (bluish, nearest Saturn). Interior to the G ring and above the brighter main rings is the pale dot of Earth.

Sabías -mostrar diferentes entradas

Montaña Pantera desde Highmount

Categorías

En las noticias

Portal espacial Wikinoticias
  • 7 de abril : El helicóptero Ingenuity de la NASA sobrevive a su primera noche en Marte
  • 25 de diciembre : “La vida terrestre puede sobrevivir en atmósferas ricas en hidrógeno”: la profesora del MIT, la Dra. Seager, le cuenta a Wikinoticias sobre su investigación sobre organismos que prosperan en ambientes sin oxígeno
  • 7 de julio : El astrónomo Anthony Boccaletti analiza la observación del nacimiento de un posible exoplaneta con Wikinoticias
  • 31 de mayo : SpaceX lanza con éxito su primer vuelo espacial tripulado
  • 22 de mayo : Un astrónomo informa a Wikinoticias sobre el descubrimiento del agujero negro más cercano conocido hasta ahora
  • 12 de octubre : Muere el cosmonauta Alexei Leonov a los 85 años
  • 10 de octubre : La academia sueca anuncia los ganadores del Premio Nobel de Física 2019
  • 14 de septiembre : Los astrónomos encuentran vapor de agua en la atmósfera del exoplaneta K2-18b
  • 5 de marzo : la cápsula Crew Dragon de SpaceX se acopla a la Estación Espacial Internacional
  • 9 de enero : Animales simples podrían vivir en las salmueras marcianas: Wikinoticias entrevista al científico planetario Vlada Stamenković
  • 29 de noviembre : el módulo de aterrizaje InSight de la NASA llega a Marte
  • 12 de octubre : La misión espacial tripulada Soyuz se aborta durante el lanzamiento

Temas principales

The SunMercuryVenusThe MoonEarthMarsPhobos and DeimosCeresThe main asteroid beltJupiterMoons of JupiterSaturnMoons of SaturnUranusMoons of UranusNeptuneMoons of NeptunePlutoMoons of PlutoHaumeaMoons of HaumeaMakemakeThe Kuiper BeltErisDysnomiaThe Scattered DiscThe Hills CloudThe Oort Cloud

Sistema Solar : Planetas ( Definición  · Habitabilidad planetaria  · Planetas terrestres  · Gigantes gaseosos  · Anillos )  · Planetas enanos ( Plutoides )  · Colonización  · Cronología de descubrimientos ˑ Exploración  · Lunas  · Planetarios

Sol : Mancha solar  · Viento solar  · Erupción solar  · Eclipse solar
Mercurio : Geología  · Exploración ( Mariner 10  · MESSENGER  · BepiColombo )  · Tránsito
Venus : Geología  · Atmósfera  · Exploración ( Venera  · Programa Mariner 2 / 5 / 10  · Pioneer  · Vega 1 / 2 ˑ Magellan  · Venus Express )  · Tránsito
Tierra : Historia  · Geología  · Geografía  · Atmósfera  · Rotación
Luna : Geología  · Selenografía  · Atmósfera  · Exploración ( Luna  · Apolo 8 / 11 )  · Órbita  · Eclipse lunar
Marte : Lunas ( Fobos  · Deimos )  · Geología  · Geografía  · Atmósfera  · Exploración ( Mariner  · Mars  · Viking 1 / 2  · Pathfinder  · MER )
Ceres : Exploración ( Amanecer )
Júpiter : Lunas ( Amaltea , Ío  · Europa  · Ganímedes  · Calisto )  · Anillos  · Atmósfera  · Magnetosfera  · Exploración ( Pioneer 10 / 11  · Voyager 1 / 2  · Ulises  · Cassini  · Galileo  · New Horizons )
Saturno : Lunas ( Mimas  · Encélado  · Tetis  · Dione  · Rea  · Titán  · Jápeto )  · Anillos  · Exploración ( Pioneer 11  · Voyager 1 / 2  · Cassini – Huygens )
Urano : Lunas ( Miranda  · Ariel  · Umbriel  · Titania  · Oberon )  · Anillos  · Exploración ( Voyager 2 )
Neptuno : Lunas ( Tritón )  · Anillos  · Exploración ( Voyager 2 )
Planetas más allá de Neptuno
Plutón : Lunas ( Caronte , Nix , Hidra , Cerbero , Estigia )  · Geología  · Atmósfera  · Exploración ( New Horizons )
Haumea : Lunas ( Hi'iaka , Namaka )  · Anillo
Quaoar : Weywot  · Anillos
Hacerhacer : S/2015 (136472) 1
Gonggong : Xiangliu
Eris : Disnomia
Sedna
Cuerpos pequeños : Meteoroides  · Asteroides ( Cinturón de asteroides )  · Centauros  · TNO ( Cinturón de Kuiper  · Disco disperso  · Nube de Oort )  · Cometas ( Hale–Bopp  · Halley  · Hyakutake  · Shoemaker–Levy 9 )
Formación y evolución del Sistema Solar : Historia de la formación del Sistema Solar y hipótesis de evolución  · Hipótesis nebular
Ver también: Contenido destacado  · Tema destacado  · Buenos artículos  · Lista de objetos

Los artículos en negrita se destacan . Los artículos
en cursiva se refieren a planetas enanos o lunas importantes.

Cosastúpuedo hacer

El planeta Saturno, que aparece aquí eclipsando al Sol.
El planeta Saturno, que aparece aquí eclipsando al Sol.

A continuación se presentan algunas tareas pendientes de atención:

Wikimedia asociada

Los siguientes proyectos hermanos de la Fundación Wikimedia proporcionan más información sobre este tema:


  • Repositorio de medios libres Commons
  • Wikilibros
    Libros de texto y manuales gratuitos
  • Wikidata
    Base de conocimiento libre
  • Wikinoticias
    Noticias de contenido libre

  • Colección de citas de Wikiquote

  • Biblioteca de contenido libre Wikisource
  • Wikiversidad
    Herramientas de aprendizaje gratuitas

  • Diccionario y tesauro Wikcionario
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