2004 in paleontology

	… 1994; 1995; 1996; 1997; 1998; 1999; 2000; ; 2001; 2002; 2003; 2004; 2005; 2006; 2007; ; 2008; 2009; 2010; 2011; 2012; 2013; 2014 …;
	In science2001200220032004200520062007
	Art; Archaeology; Architecture; Literature; Music; Philosophy; Science; +...

Overview of the events of 2004 in paleontology

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.^[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2004.

Protozoa

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Paleoleishmania^[2]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Poinar & Poinar	Albian	Burmese amber	Myanmar	Oldest record of the protozoan family Trypanosomatidae, Type species P. proterus	Paleoleishmania proterus

Fungi

newly named

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Appianoporites^[3]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Smith, Currah, & Stockey	Eocene	Appian Way Flora.	Canada	Extinct bracket fungus
Quatsinoporites^[3]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Smith, Currah, & Stockey	Barremian (Cretaceous)	Longarm Formation.	Canada	Extinct bracket fungus.

Plants

Newly named plants

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Fagus langevinii^[4]	Sp nov	Valid	Manchester & Dillhoff	Ypresian	Tranquille Formation	Canada British Columbia	A beech tree species	Fagus langevinii
Liquidambar changii^[5]	Sp nov.	Valid	Pigg, Ickert-Bond, & Wen	Middle Miocene	"Yakima Canyon Flora"	USA	A species of sweetgum	Liquidambar changii
Neviusia dunthornei^[6]	Sp nov	Valid	DeVore, Moore, Pigg, & Wehr	Eocene Ypresian	Okanagan Highlands Allenby Formation	Canada British Columbia	oldest and only extinct species of Neviusia
Palaeocarpinus dakotensis^[7]	Sp nov	Valid	Manchester & Chen	Paleocene Tiffanian	Fort Union Group Sentinel Butte Formation	USA North Dakota	A betulaceous fruit

Arthropoda

newly named arachnids

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
?Anyphops cortex^[8]	sp nov	jr synonym^[9]	Wunderlich	Unknown	Madagascar copal	Madagascar	jr Synonym of Garcorops jadis
Garcorops jadis^[10]	sp nov	Valid	Bosselaers	Unknown	Madagascar copal	Madagascar	Possibly extant, but copal age is not determined

Newly named insects

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Afromyrma^[11]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Dlussky, Brothers & Rasnitsyn	Turonian		Botswana	A Myrmicin ant, type species A. petrosa
Afropone^[11]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Dlussky, Brothers & Rasnitsyn	Turonian		Botswana	A ponerin ant, two species
Albicoccus^[12]	Fam, gen et sp nov	valid	Koteja	Albian - Cenomanian	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A scale insect, monotypic with Albicoccidae & A. dimai
Burmacoccus^[12]	Fam, gen et sp nov	valid	Koteja	Albian - Cenomanian	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A scale insect, monotypic with Burmacoccidae & B. danyi
Carebara antiqua^[13]	Comb nov	valid	(Mayr, 1868)	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossil myrmicine ant	Carebara antiqua
Electrostephanus janzeni^[14]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Engel	Lutetian	Baltic Amber	Russia	A stephanid wasp
Gerontoformica^[15]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Nel & Perrault	Albian - Cenomanian	Charentese amber	France	A stem group ant, type species G. cretacica	Gerontoformica cretacica
Marmyan^[12]	gen et sp nov	valid	Koteja	Cenomanian	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A scale insect, monotypic M. barbarae
Microberotha^[16]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Archibald	Ypresian	Hat Creek Amber	Canada	A Berothid lacewing
Palaeomyia^[17]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Poinar	Cenomanian	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A Phlebotomidae sand fly, type species P. burmitis	Palaeomyia burmitis

Molluscs

Cephalopods

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Conlinites^[18]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Kennedy	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Paw Paw Formation	USA ( Texas)	An ammonite, type species is C. wrighti.
Enigmaticeras^[18]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Kennedy	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Paw Paw Formation	USA ( Texas)	An ammonite, type species is E. riceae.
Ficheuria americana^[18]	Sp nov	Valid	Kennedy	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Paw Paw Formation	USA ( Texas)	An ammonite.
Mariella (Mariella) asper^[18]	Sp nov	Valid	Kennedy	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Paw Paw Formation	USA ( Texas)	An ammonite.
Neophlycticeras (Paradolphia) occidentalis^[18]	Sp nov	Valid	Kennedy	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Paw Paw Formation	USA ( Texas)	An ammonite.

Newly named fishes

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Gomphonchus? minutus^[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Valiukevičius	Late Silurian	Minija Formation	Latvia	An acanthodian belonging to the group Ischnacanthiformes and the family Ischnacanthidae.
Lophosteus canadensis^[20]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schultze & Märss	Late Silurian	Barlow Inlet Formation	Canada	A bony fish belonging to the group Lophosteiformes.
Lophosteus ohesaarensis^[20]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schultze & Märss	Late Silurian		Estonia Latvia	A bony fish belonging to the group Lophosteiformes.
Lophosteus uralensis^[20]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schultze & Märss	Early Devonian		Russia	A bony fish belonging to the group Lophosteiformes.
Nostolepis alifera^[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Valiukevičius	Late Silurian	Targale Formation	Latvia	An acanthodian belonging to the group Climatiiformes and the family Climatiidae.
Nostolepis latvica^[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Valiukevičius	Late Silurian	Minija Formation Targale Formation	Latvia	An acanthodian belonging to the group Climatiiformes and the family Climatiidae.
Perscheia^[21]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Elliott, Mark-Kurik & Daeschler	Devonian (Frasnian)	Nordstrand Point Formation	Canada	A member of Pteraspidiformes belonging to the group Psammosteida and the family Obrucheviidae. The type species is P. pulla
Poracanthodes marssae^[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Valiukevičius	Late Silurian	Targale Formation	Estonia Latvia	An acanthodian belonging to the group Ischnacanthiformes and the family Poracanthidae.
Poracanthodes sulcatus^[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Valiukevičius	Late Silurian	Targale Formation	Estonia Latvia	An acanthodian belonging to the group Ischnacanthiformes and the family Poracanthidae.
Talimaalepis^[22]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Žigaitė	Silurian	Dashtygoi Formation Kyzyl-Tchiraa Formation Tchergak Formation	Mongolia Russia	A thelodont, possibly a member of the group Phlebolepidiformes. The type species is T. rimae
Trimpleylepis^[23]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Miller, Märss & Blom	Late Silurian		Estonia United Kingdom	A member of Anaspida belonging to the group Birkeniida, possibly a member of the family Septentrioniidae. The type species is T. juncta; genus also includes T. concatenata.

Newly named amphibians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Jakubsonia^[24]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lebedev	Devonian (Famennian)		Russia	A basal member of Tetrapoda. The type species is J. livnensis

Reptile

Archosauromorphs

Newly named dinosaurs

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.^[25]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Atrociraptor^[26]		Valid	Currie & Varricchio	Edmontonian	Horseshoe Canyon Formation	Canada		Atrociraptor
Bashunosaurus^[27]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Kuang	Middle Jurassic	Xiashaximiao Formation	China
Bissektipelta^[28]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Parish & Barrett	Cenomanian-Turonian	Bissekty Formation	Uzbekistan
Bonatitan^[29]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Martinelli & Forasiepi	Late Cretaceous	Bajo de Santa Rosa	Argentina
Bonitasaura^[30]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Apesteguía	late Cretaceous	Bajo de la Carpa Formation	Argentina		Bonitasaura
Borealosaurus^[31]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	You, Ji, Lamanna, Li, & Li	late Cretaceous	Sunjiawan Formation	China
Dilong^[32]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Xu, Norell, Kuang, Wang, Zhao, & Jia	Early Cretaceous	Yixian Formation	China		Dilong
Ekrixinatosaurus^[33]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Calvo, Rubilar-Rogers, & Moreno	Late Cretaceous	Candeleros Formation	Argentina		Ekrixinatosaurus
Graciliraptor^[34]		Valid	Xing & Wang	Barremian	Yixian Formation	China
Huaxiagnathus^[35]		Valid	Hwang, Norell, Ji, & Gao	Barremian	Yixian Formation	China		Huaxiagnathus
Kerberosaurus^[36]		Valid	Bolotsky & Godefroit	Late Cretaceous		Russia
Limaysaurus^[37]		Valid	Salgado, Garrido, Cocca, & Cocca			Argentina		Limaysaurus
Mei^[38]		Valid	Xu & Norell	Barremian	Yixian Formation	China		Mei
Mirischia^[39]		Valid	Naish, Martill, & Frey	Albian	Santana Formation	Brazil		Mirischia
Nemegtia^[40]		Preoccupied name	Lü, Tomida, Azuma, Dong, Lee, & Szczechura				Renamed Nemegtomaia
Otogosaurus		Nomen nudum	Zhao & Tan
Prenoceratops^[41]		Valid	Chinnery			USA Montana		Prenoceratops
Rugops^[42]		Valid	Sereno, Wilson, & Conrad			Niger		Rugops
Sinusonasus^[43]		Valid	Xu, & Wang	Barremian	Yixian Formation	China
Spinostropheus^[42]		Valid	Sereno, Wilson & Conrad	Middle Jurassic	Irhazer Group	Niger	A ceratosaur; new genus for "Elaphrosaurus" gautieri Lapparent 1960.
Suuwassea^[44]		Valid	Harris & Dodson	Kimmeridgian	Morrison Formation	United States		Suuwassea
Talenkauen^[45]		Valid		Novas, Cambiaso, & Ambrosio	Pari Aike Formation	Argentina		Talenkauen
Tazoudasaurus^[46]		Valid		Allain et al		Morocco
Unaysaurus^[47]		Valid		Leal, Azevedo, Kellner, & Da Rosa	Caturrita Formation	Brazil		Unaysaurus

Pterosaurs

New taxa

Name	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Avgodectes	Valid	Peters	Early Cretaceous	Yixian Formation	China	A pterosaur hatchling.
Cacibupteryx	Valid	Gasparini Fernández de la Fuente	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)	Jagua Formation	Cuba	A rhamphorhynchid.
"Daitingopterus"	Nomen Nudum	Maisch Matzke Ge Sun	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Solnhofen Limestone	Germany	A germanodactylid.
Lonchognathosaurus	Valid	Maisch, M.W., Matzke, A.T., and Ge Sun	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Lianmuqin Formation	China	A dsungaripterid.

Other archosauromorphs

Name	Status	Authors Location		Notes	Images
Crosbysaurus^[48]	Valid non-dinosaurian taxon.	Heckert	USA
Protecovasaurus^[49]	Valid non-dinosaurian taxon.	Heckert	USA

Newly named birds

Name	Status	Novelty	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Aberratiodontus ^[50]	Valid	Gen et sp. nov.	Gong, Hou & Wang	Early Cretaceous	Jiufotang Formation	China	An Enantiornithes, Type species A. wui
Anserpica kiliani ^[51]	Valid	Gen et sp. nov.	Cécile Mourer-Chauviré Didier Berthet Marguerite Hugueney	Late Oligocene, Early Miocene	MP 29	France	An Anseranatidae, the type species of Anserpica Mourer-Chauviré, Berthet & Hugueney, 2004.
Bavaripsitta ballmanni ^[52]	Valid	Gen et sp. nov.	Gerald Mayr Ursula B. Göhlich	Middle Miocene	Mn 6	Germany: Bavaria	A Psittacidae, the type species of Bavaripsitta Mayr & Göhlich, 2004.
Borvocarbo guilloti ^[51]	Valid	Gen et sp. nov.	Cécile Mourer-Chauviré Didier Berthet Marguerite Hugueney	Late Oligocene, Early Miocene	MP 30, MN 1	France; Germany	A Phalacrocoracidae, the type species of Borvocarbo Mourer-Chauviré, Berthet & Hugueney, 2004.
?Colymboides metzleri ^[53]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Gerald Mayr	Early Oligocene	Rupelian	Germany: Baden-Württemberg; Belgium: Antwerp	A Gaviidae, not certain a species of Colymboides Milne-Edwards, 1868.
Eurotrochilus inexpectatus ^[54]	Valid	Gen et sp. nov.	Gerald Mayr	Early Oligocene	Rupelian	Germany: Baden-Württemberg	A Trochilidae, the type species of Eurotrochilus Mayr, 2004.
Iaceornis marshi ^[55]	Valid	Gen et sp. nov.	Julia A. Clarke	Late Cretaceous	Niobrara Formation	USA: Kansas	An Ornithurae, the type species of Iaceornis Clarke, 2004.
Longirostravis hani ^[56]	Valid	Gen et sp. nov.	Hou Lianhai Luis M. Chiappe Zhang Fucheng Chuong Cheng-Ming	Early Cretaceous	Yixian Formation	China	An Enantiornithes, Euenantiornithes, the type species of Longirostravis Hou, Chiappe, Zhang et Chuong, 2004.
Meridiocichla salotti ^[57]	Valid	Gen et sp. nov.	Antoine Louchart	Late Quaternary	Corsica, Crete	France: Corsica; Greece	A Turdidae, the type species of Meridiocichla Louchart, 2004.
Miopica paradoxa ^[58]	Valid	Gen et sp. nov.	Evgeny N. Kurochkin Denis V. Sobolev	Miocene	Middle Meothis MN 10	Ukraine	A Corvidae, the type species of Miopica Kurochkin & Sobolev, 2004.
Mirolia brevirostrata ^[59]	Valid	Gen et sp. nov.	Peter Ballmann	Middle Miocene	MN 6	Germany: Bavaria	A Scolopacidae, the type species of Mirolia Ballmann, 2004.
Mirolia dubia ^[59]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Peter Ballmann	Middle Miocene	MN 6	Germany: Bavaria	A Scolopacidae.
?Mirolia mascalidris ^[59]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Peter Ballmann	Middle Miocene	MN 6	Germany: Bavaria	A Scolopacidae, not certain to belong in Mirolia Ballmann, 2004.
Mirolia parvula ^[59]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Peter Ballmann	Middle Miocene	MN 6	Germany: Bavaria	A Scolopacidae.
Primobucco frugilegus ^[60]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Gerald Mayr Cécile Mourer-Chauviré Ilka Weidig	Middle Eocene	Messel pit, MP 11	Germany: Hessen	A Primobucconidae Feduccia et Martin, 1976.
Primobucco perneri ^[60]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Gerald Mayr Cécile Mourer-Chauviré Ilka Weidig	Middle Eocene	Messel pit MP 11	Germany: Hessen	A Primobucconidae Feduccia et Martin, 1976.
Ramphastosula ramirezi ^[61]	Valid	Gen et sp. nov.	Marcelo Stucchi Mario Urbina	Early Pliocene	Pisco Formation	Peru	A Sulidae, the type species of Ramphastosula Stucchi & Urbina, 2004.
Tyto mourerchauvireae ^[62]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Marco Pavia	Early-Middle Pleistocene	Sicily	Italy: Sicily	A Tytonidae.
Vescornis hebeiensis ^[63]	Valid	Gen et sp. nov.	Zhang Fucheng Per G.P. Ericson Zhou Zhonghe	Early Cretaceous	Yixian Formation	China	An Enentiornithes Walker, 1981, this is the type species of the new genus, most probably a junior synonym of Hebeiornis fengningensis Yan, 1999.
Vitirallus watlingi ^[64]	Valid	Gen et sp. nov.	Trevor H. Worthy	Holocene	Viti Levu	Fiji	A Rallidae, the type species of Vitirallus Worthy, 2004.
Wingegyps cartellei ^[65]	Valid	Gen et sp. nov.	Herculano M. F. de Alvarenga Storrs L. Olson	Late Pleistocene or Early Holocene	Gruta dos Brejões	Brazil	A Cathartidae, the type species of Wingegyps Alvarenga & Olson, 2004.

Plesiosaurs

New taxa

Name	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Plesiopterys	Valid	O'Keefe	Toarcian	Posidonienschiefer	Germany

Synapsids

Non-mammalian

Name	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Images
Ianthodon^[66]	Valid	Kissel & Reisz	Kasimovian		USA	Lobalopex
Lobalopex^[67]	Valid	Sidor, Hopson and Keyser	Lopingian	Teekloof Formation	South Africa
Progalesaurus^[68]	Valid	Sidor & Smith	Induan	Balfour Formation	South Africa
Pyozia ^[69]	Valid	Anderson and Reisz	Capitanian	Krasnoschelsk Formation	Russia
Rewaconodon^[70]	Valid	Datta, Das & Luo	Late Triassic	Tiki Formation	India

Other Animals

Name	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Charniodiscus procerus	Valid	LaFlamme et al., 2004	Ediacaran	Mistaken Point Formation and Trepassey Formation	Canada

References

^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
^ Poinar, G. (2008). "Lutzomyia adiketis sp. n. (Diptera: Phlebotomidae), a vector of Paleoleishmania neotropicum sp. n. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in Dominican amber". Parasites & Vectors. 1 (1): 22. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-1-22. PMC 2491605. PMID 18627624.
^ a b Smith, S.Y.; Currah, R.S.; Stockey, R.A. (2004). "Cretaceous and Eocene poroid hymenophores from Vancouver Island, British Columbia". Mycologia. 96 (1): 180–186. doi:10.2307/3762001. JSTOR 3762001. PMID 21148842.
^ Manchester, S. R.; Dillhoff, R. M. (2004). "Fagus (Fagaceae) fruits, foliage, and pollen from the Middle Eocene of Pacific Northwestern North America". Canadian Journal of Botany. 82 (10): 1509–1517. doi:10.1139/b04-112.
^ Pigg, K. B.; Ickert-Bond, S. M.; Wen, J. (2004). "Anatomically preserved Liquidambar (Altingiaceae) from the middle Miocene of Yakima Canyon, Washington state, USA, and its biogeographic implications". American Journal of Botany. 91 (3): 499–509. doi:10.3732/ajb.91.3.499. PMID 21653405.
^ DeVore, M.L.; Moore, S.M.; Pigg, K.B.; Wehr, W.C. (2004). "Fossil Neviusia leaves (Rosaceae: Kerrieae) from the Lower Middle Eocene of Southern British Columbia". Rhodora. 12 (927): 197–209. JSTOR 23314752.
^ Manchester, S.R.; Pigg, K.B.; Crane, P.R. (2004). "Palaeocarpinus dakotensis sp. n. (Betulaceae: Coryloideae) and associated staminate catkins, pollen, and leaves from the Paleocene of North Dakota". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 165 (6): 1135–1148. doi:10.1086/423870.
^ Wunderlich, J. (2004). "Fossil spiders in amber and copal. Conclusions, revisions, new taxa and family diagnoses of fossil and extant taxa". Beiträge zur Araneologie. 3AB: 1–1908.
^ Penney, D.; Ono, H.; Selden, P.A. (2005). "A new synonymy for the Madagascan copal spider fauna (Araneae, Selenopidae)" (PDF). Journal of Afrotropical Zoology. 2: 41–44.^{[permanent dead link]}
^ Bosselaers, J. (2004). "A new Garcorops species from Madagascar copal (Araneae: Selenopidae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 445: 1–7. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.445.1.1. S2CID 47620450.
^ a b Dlussky, G. M.; Brothers, D. J.; Rasnitsyn, A. P. (2004). "The first Late Cretaceous ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from southern Africa, with comments on the origin of the Myrmicinae". Insect Systematics and Evolution. 35: 1–13. doi:10.1163/187631204788964727.
^ a b c Koteja, J (2004). "Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccinea) from cretaceous Myanmar (Burmese) amber". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2 (2): 109–114. Bibcode:2004JSPal...2..109K. doi:10.1017/S1477201904001166. S2CID 86393735. – via Taylor & Francis (subscription required)
^ Fernández, F. (2004). "The American species of the myrmicine ant genus Carebara Westwood (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Caldasia. 26: 191–238.
^ Engel, M.S.; Ortega-Blanco, J. (2008). "The fossil crown wasp Electrostephanus petiolatus Brues in Baltic Amber (Hymenoptera, Stephanidae): designation of a neotype, revised classification, and a key to amber Stephanidae". ZooKeys (4): 55–64. Bibcode:2008ZooK....4...55E. doi:10.3897/zookeys.4.49. hdl:2445/36428.
^ Nel, A.; Perrault, G.; Perrichot, V.; Néradeau, D. (2004). "The oldest ant in the lower cretaceous amber of Charente-maritime (SW France) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Geologica Acta. 2 (1): 23–29.
^ Archibald, S.B.; Makarkin, V.N. (2004). "New genus of minute Berothidae (Neuroptera) from Early Eocene amber of British Columbia" (PDF). The Canadian Entomologist. 136: 61–76. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.552.2285. doi:10.4039/n03-043. S2CID 36459014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-08-18. Retrieved 2010-04-09.
^ Poinar, G. O. Jr. (2004). "Palaeomyia burmitis (Diptera: Phlebotomidae), a new genus and species of Cretaceous sand flies with evidence of blood-sucking habits". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 106: 598–605.
^ a b c d e Kennedy, W.J. (December 2004). "Ammonites from the Pawpaw Shale (Upper Albian) in northeast Texas". Cretaceous Research. 25 (6): 865–905. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2004.08.005. ISSN 0195-6671.
^ a b c d e Valiukevičius, Juozas (2004). "Silurian acanthodian succession of the Lužni-4 borehole (Latvia)" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 120–147.
^ a b c Schultze, Hans-Peter; Märss, Tiiu (2004). "Revisiting Lophosteus, a primitive osteichthyan" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 57–78.
^ Elliott, David K.; Mark-Kurik, Elga; Daeschler, Edward B. (2004). "A revision of Obruchevia (Psammosteida: Heterostraci) and a description of a new obrucheviid from the Late Devonian of the Canadian Arctic" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 22–45.
^ Žigaitė, Živilė (2004). "A new thelodont from Lower Silurian of Tuva and north-west Mongolia" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 158–165.
^ Miller, C. Giles; Märss, Tiiu; Blom, Henning (2004). "New anaspid material from the Late Silurian of Britain and Estonia" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 46–56.
^ Lebedev, Oleg A. (2004). "A new tetrapod Jakubsonia livnensis from the Early Famennian (Devonian) of Russia and palaeoecological remarks on the Late Devonian tetrapod habitats" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 79–98.
^ Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.
^ Currie, P.J. and D.J. Varricchio. 2004. A new dromaeosaurid from the Horseshoe Canyon Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of Alberta, Canada. In: Feathered Dragons: Studies on the Transition from Dinosaurs to Birds (P.J. Currie, E.B. Koppelhus, M.A. Shugar, and J.L. Wright, eds.). Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IA: pp. 112-132.
^ Kuang, X.W. (2004). "A new Sauropoda from Kaijiang dinosaur fauna in middle Jurassic beds of North-Eastern Sichuan". In Sun, J.W. (ed.). Collection of the 90th anniversary of Tianjin museum of natural history. Tianjin: Tianjin Science and Technology Press. pp. 40–46.
^ Parish, J.; Barrett, P.M. (2004). "A reappraisal of the ornithischian dinosaur Amtosaurus magnus Kurzanov and Tumanova 1978, with comments of the status of A. archibaldi Averianov 2002". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 41 (3): 299–306. Bibcode:2004CaJES..41..299P. doi:10.1139/e03-101.
^ Martinelli, A.G. (2004). "Late Cretaceous vertebrates from Bajo de Santa Rosa (Allen Formation), Rio Negro province, Argentina, with the description of a new sauropod dinosaur (Titanosauridae)". Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales. Nueva Series. 6 (2): 257–305. doi:10.22179/REVMACN.6.88.
^ Apestegua, S. (2004). ""Bonitasaura salgadoi" gen. et sp. nov.: a beaked sauropod from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia". Naturwissenschaften. 91 (10): 493–497. Bibcode:2004NW.....91..493A. doi:10.1007/s00114-004-0560-6. PMID 15729763. S2CID 33590452.
^ You, H.; Ji, Q.; Lamanna, M.C.; Li, J. (2004). "A titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur with opisthocoelous caudal vertebrae from the Early Late Cretaceous of Liaoning Province, China". Acta Geologica Sinica. 78 (4): 907–911. Bibcode:2004AcGlS..78..907Y. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2004.tb00212.x. S2CID 131081738.
^ Xu, X.; Norell, M.A.; Kuang, X.; Wang, X.; Zhao, Q.; Jia, C. (2004). "Basal tyrannosauroids from China and evidence for protofeathers in tyrannosauroids" (PDF). Nature. 431 (7009): 680–684. Bibcode:2004Natur.431..680X. doi:10.1038/nature02855. PMID 15470426. S2CID 4381777.
^ Calvo, J.O.; Rubilar-Roger, D.; Moreno, K. (2004). "A new Abelisauridae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from northwest Patagonia". Ameghiniana (Rev. Asoc.Paleontol. Argent.). 41 (4): 555–563.
^ Xu, X.; Wang, X.-L. (2004). "A New Dromaeosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Western Liaoning". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 42 (2): 11–119. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2004.02.002.
^ Hwang, S.H.; Norell, M.A.; Ji, Q.; Gao, K. (2004). "Large compognathid from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of China" (PDF). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2 (1): 13–30. Bibcode:2004JSPal...2...13H. doi:10.1017/S1477201903001081. S2CID 86321886.
^ Bolotsky, Yu.L.; Godefroit, P. (2004). "A new hadrosaurine dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of far Eastern Russia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (2): 351–365. Bibcode:2004JVPal..24..351B. doi:10.1671/1110. S2CID 130691286.
^ Salgado, L.; Garrido, A.; Cocca, S.E.; Cocca, J.R. (2004). "Lower Cretaceous rebbachisaurid sauropods from Cerro Aguada del Leon (Lohan Cura Formation), Neuquen Province, northwestern Patagonia, Argentina". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (4): 903–912. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0903:LCRSFC]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 129233849.
^ Xu, X.; Norell, M.A. (2004). "A new troodontid dinosaur from China with avian-like sleeping posture" (PDF). Nature. 431 (7010): 838–841. Bibcode:2004Natur.431..838X. doi:10.1038/nature02898. PMID 15483610. S2CID 4362745.
^ Naish, D.; Martill, D.M.; Frey, E. (2004). "Ecology, systematics and biogeographical relationships of dinosaurs, including a new theropod, from the Santana Formation (?Albian, Early Cretaceous) of Brazil". Historical Biology. 16 (2–4): 1–14. Bibcode:2004HBio...16...57N. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.394.9219. doi:10.1080/08912960410001674200. S2CID 18592288.
^ Lu, J., Y. Tomida, Y. Azuma, Z.-M. Dong, and Y.- N. Lee. 2004. New oviraptorid dinosaur (Dinosauria: Oviraptorosauria) from the Nemegt Formation of southwestern Mongolia. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo (Series C) 30: pp. 95-130.
^ Chinnery, B.J. (2004). "Description of "Prenoceratops pieganensis" gen et sp. nov. (Dinosauria: Neoceratopsia) from the Two Medicine Formation of Montana". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (3): 572–590. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0572:DOPPGE]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 86541770.
^ a b Sereno, P.C., J.A. Wilson, and J.L. Conrad. 2004. New dinosaurs link southern landmasses in the Mid-Cretaceous. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London (Series B) published online: pages 1-6.
^ Xu, X.; Wang, X. (2004). "A new troodontid (Theropoda: Troodontidae) from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Western Liaoning, China". Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition. 78 (1): 22–26. Bibcode:2004AcGlS..78...22X. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2004.tb00671.x. S2CID 129952609.
^ Harris, J.D.; Dodson, P. (2004). "A new diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Montana, USA". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 49 (2): 197–210.
^ Novas, F.E.; Cambiaso, A.V.; Ambrosio, A. (2004). "A new basal iguanodontian (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia". Ameghiniana. 41 (1): 75–85.
^ Allain, R.; Aquesbi, N.; Dejax, J.; Meyer, C.; Monbaron, M.; Montenat, C.; Richir, P.; Rochdy, M.; Russell, D.; Taquet, P. (2004). "A basal sauropod dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of Morocco" (PDF). Comptes Rendus Palevol. 3 (3): 199–208. Bibcode:2004CRPal...3..199A. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2004.03.001.
^ Leal; Azevedo, S.A.K.; Kellner, A.W.A.; da Rosa, A.A.S. (2004). "A new early dinosaur (Sauropodomorpha) from the Caturrita Formation (Late Triassic), Paraná Basin, Brazil". Zootaxa. 690: 1–24. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.690.1.1.
^ Heckert, A.B. 2004. Late Triassic microvertebrates from the lower Chinle Group (Otischalkian-Adamanian: Carnian), southwestern U.S.A. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 27: 170 pages.
^ Heckert, A.B. 2004. Late Triassic microvertebrates from the lower Chinle Group (Otischalkian-Adamanian: Carnian), southwestern U.S.A. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 27: 170 pages.
^ Gong Enpu; Hou Lianhai; Wang Lixia (2004). "Enantiornithine Bird with Diapsidian Skull and Its Dental Development in the Early Cretaceous in Liaoning, China". Acta Geologica Sinica. 78 (1): 1–7. Bibcode:2004AcGlS..78....1G. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2004.tb00668.x. S2CID 129218847.
^ a b Cécile Mourer-Chauviré; Didier Berthet; Marguerite Hugueney (2004). "The Late Oligocene of the Créchy Quarry (Allier, France), with a Description of Two New Genera (Aves: Pelecaniformes: Phalacrocoracidae, and Anseriformes: Anseranatidae)". Senckenbergiana Lethaea. 84 (1–2): 303–315. doi:10.1007/bf03043473. S2CID 84323461.
^ Gerald Mayr; Ursula B. Göhlich (2004). "A New Parrot from the Miocene of Germany, with Comments on the Variation of Hypotarsus Morphology in Some Psittaciformes" (PDF). Belgian Journal of Zoology. 134 (1): 47–54.
^ Gerald Mayr (2004). "A Partial Skeleton of a New Fossil Loon (Aves, Gaviiformes) from the Early Oligocene of Germany with Preserved Stomach Content" (PDF). Journal of Ornithology. 145 (4): 281–286. doi:10.1007/s10336-004-0050-9. S2CID 1070943. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2014-07-26.
^ Gerald Mayr (2004). "Old World Fossil Record of Modern-Type Hummingbirds". Science. 304 (5672): 861–864. Bibcode:2004Sci...304..861M. doi:10.1126/science.1096856. PMID 15131303. S2CID 6845608.
^ Julia A. Clarke (2004). "Morphology, Phylogenetic Taxonomy, and Systematics of Ichthyornis and Apatornis (Avialae: Ornithurae)" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 286: 1–179. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2004)286<0001:mptaso>2.0.co;2. hdl:2246/454. S2CID 84035285. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-30. Retrieved 2014-07-26.
^ Hou Lianhai; Luis M. Chiappe; Zhang Fucheng; Chuong Cheng-Ming (2004). "New Early Cretaceous Fossil from China Documents a Novel Trophic Specialization for Mesozoic Birds". Naturwissenschaften. 91 (1): 22–25. Bibcode:2004NW.....91...22H. doi:10.1007/s00114-003-0489-1. PMC 4382005. PMID 14740099.
^ Antoine Louchart (2004). "An Extinct Large Thrush (Aves: Turdidae) from the Late Quaternary of Mediterranean Europe". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen. 233 (2): 275–296. doi:10.1127/njgpa/233/2004/275.
^ Evgeny N. Kurochkin; Denis V. Sobolev (2004). "Miopica paradoxa gen. et sp n. - New Genus and Species of the Miocene Magpie" (PDF). Vestnik Zoologii. 38 (6): 87–90.
^ a b c d Peter Ballmann (2004). "Fossil Calidrinae (Aves: Charadriiformes) from the Middle Miocene of the Nördlinger Ries" (PDF). Bonner Zoologische Beiträge. 52 (1–2): 101–114.
^ a b Gerald Mayr; Cécile Mourer-Chauviré; Ilka Weidig (2004). "Osteology and Systematic Position of the Eocene Primobucconidae (Aves, Coraciiformes Sensu Stricto), with First Records from Europe" (PDF). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2 (1): 1–12. Bibcode:2004JSPal...2....1M. doi:10.1017/s1477201903001093. S2CID 34962540. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-25. Retrieved 2014-07-26.
^ Marcelo Stucchi; Mario Urbina (2004). "Ramphastosula (Aves, Sulidae): a New Genus from the Early Pliocene of the Pisco Formation, Peru" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (4): 974–978. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0974:rasang]2.0.co;2. S2CID 28789007.
^ Marco Pavia (2004). "A New Large Barn Owl (Aves, Strigiformes, Tytonidae) from the Middle Pleistocene of Sicily, Italy, and it's Taphonomical Significans" (PDF). Geobios. 37 (5): 631–641. Bibcode:2004Geobi..37..631P. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2003.05.007. hdl:2318/84927. S2CID 31475664.
^ Zhang Fucheng; Per G.P. Ericson; Zhou Zhonghe (2004). "Description of a New Enantiornithine Bird from the Early Cretaceous of Hebei, Northern China" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 41 (9): 1097–1107. Bibcode:2004CaJES..41.1097Z. doi:10.1139/e04-055. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-10-23. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
^ Trevor H. Worthy (2004). "The Fossil Rails (Aves: Rallidae) of Fiji with Descriptions of a New Genus and Species" (PDF). Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 34 (3): 295–314. Bibcode:2004JRSNZ..34..295W. doi:10.1080/03014223.2004.9517768. S2CID 129705107. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-07-29. Retrieved 2014-07-26.
^ Herculano M. Alvarenga; Storrs L. Olson (2004). "A New Genus of Tiny Condor from the Pleistocene of Brazil (Aves: Vulturidae)" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 117 (1): 1–9.
^ Kissel, R.A. & Reisz, R.R. "Synapsid fauna of the Upper Pennsylvanian Rock Lake Shale near Garnett, Kansas and the diversity pattern of early amniotes". In G. Arratia, M. V. H. Wilson & R. Cloutier (eds.). Recent Advances in the Origin and Early Radiation of Vertebrates. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 2004.
^ Sidor, C.A.; Hopson, J.A.; Keyser, A.W. (2004). "A new burnetiamorph theraspid from the Teekloof Formation, Permian, of South Africa". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (4): 938–950. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0938:ANBTFT]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 85752458.
^ Sidor, C.A.; Smith, R.M.H. (2004). "A new galesaurid (Therapsida: Cynodontia) from the Lower Triassic of South Africa". Palaeontology. 47 (3): 535–556. Bibcode:2004Palgy..47..535S. doi:10.1111/j.0031-0239.2004.00378.x. S2CID 129906726.
^ Anderson, J.S.; Reisz, R.R. (2004). "Pyozia mesenensis, a new, small varanopid (Synapsida, Eupelycosauria) from Russia: "Pelycosaur" diversity in the Middle Permian". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (1): 173–179. Bibcode:2004JVPal..24..173A. doi:10.1671/1940-13. S2CID 59023934.
^ Datta, P.M.; Das, D.P.; Luo, Z.-X. (2004). "A Late Triassic dromatheriid (Synapsida: Cynodontia) from India". Annals of Carnegie Museum. 73 (2): 12–24. doi:10.5962/p.215151. S2CID 90271923.

[1] Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.

[Poinar2008-2] Poinar, G. (2008). "Lutzomyia adiketis sp. n. (Diptera: Phlebotomidae), a vector of Paleoleishmania neotropicum sp. n. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in Dominican amber". Parasites & Vectors. 1 (1): 22. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-1-22. PMC 2491605. PMID 18627624.

[Smith2004-3] Smith, S.Y.; Currah, R.S.; Stockey, R.A. (2004). "Cretaceous and Eocene poroid hymenophores from Vancouver Island, British Columbia". Mycologia. 96 (1): 180–186. doi:10.2307/3762001. JSTOR 3762001. PMID 21148842.

[Manchesterfagus2004-4] Manchester, S. R.; Dillhoff, R. M. (2004). "Fagus (Fagaceae) fruits, foliage, and pollen from the Middle Eocene of Pacific Northwestern North America". Canadian Journal of Botany. 82 (10): 1509–1517. doi:10.1139/b04-112.

[Pigg2004-5] Pigg, K. B.; Ickert-Bond, S. M.; Wen, J. (2004). "Anatomically preserved Liquidambar (Altingiaceae) from the middle Miocene of Yakima Canyon, Washington state, USA, and its biogeographic implications". American Journal of Botany. 91 (3): 499–509. doi:10.3732/ajb.91.3.499. PMID 21653405.

[DeVore2004-6] DeVore, M.L.; Moore, S.M.; Pigg, K.B.; Wehr, W.C. (2004). "Fossil Neviusia leaves (Rosaceae: Kerrieae) from the Lower Middle Eocene of Southern British Columbia". Rhodora. 12 (927): 197–209. JSTOR 23314752.

[Pdakotensis2004-7] Manchester, S.R.; Pigg, K.B.; Crane, P.R. (2004). "Palaeocarpinus dakotensis sp. n. (Betulaceae: Coryloideae) and associated staminate catkins, pollen, and leaves from the Paleocene of North Dakota". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 165 (6): 1135–1148. doi:10.1086/423870.

[Wunderlich2004-8] Wunderlich, J. (2004). "Fossil spiders in amber and copal. Conclusions, revisions, new taxa and family diagnoses of fossil and extant taxa". Beiträge zur Araneologie. 3AB: 1–1908.

[Penney2005-9] Penney, D.; Ono, H.; Selden, P.A. (2005). "A new synonymy for the Madagascan copal spider fauna (Araneae, Selenopidae)" (PDF). Journal of Afrotropical Zoology. 2: 41–44.^{[permanent dead link]}

[Bosselaers2004-10] Bosselaers, J. (2004). "A new Garcorops species from Madagascar copal (Araneae: Selenopidae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 445: 1–7. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.445.1.1. S2CID 47620450.

[Dlussky2004-11] Dlussky, G. M.; Brothers, D. J.; Rasnitsyn, A. P. (2004). "The first Late Cretaceous ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from southern Africa, with comments on the origin of the Myrmicinae". Insect Systematics and Evolution. 35: 1–13. doi:10.1163/187631204788964727.

[Koteja2004-12] Koteja, J (2004). "Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccinea) from cretaceous Myanmar (Burmese) amber". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2 (2): 109–114. Bibcode:2004JSPal...2..109K. doi:10.1017/S1477201904001166. S2CID 86393735. – via Taylor & Francis (subscription required)

[Fernández2004-13] Fernández, F. (2004). "The American species of the myrmicine ant genus Carebara Westwood (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Caldasia. 26: 191–238.

[Engel2008-14] Engel, M.S.; Ortega-Blanco, J. (2008). "The fossil crown wasp Electrostephanus petiolatus Brues in Baltic Amber (Hymenoptera, Stephanidae): designation of a neotype, revised classification, and a key to amber Stephanidae". ZooKeys (4): 55–64. Bibcode:2008ZooK....4...55E. doi:10.3897/zookeys.4.49. hdl:2445/36428.

[Nel2004-15] Nel, A.; Perrault, G.; Perrichot, V.; Néradeau, D. (2004). "The oldest ant in the lower cretaceous amber of Charente-maritime (SW France) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Geologica Acta. 2 (1): 23–29.

[A&M2004-16] Archibald, S.B.; Makarkin, V.N. (2004). "New genus of minute Berothidae (Neuroptera) from Early Eocene amber of British Columbia" (PDF). The Canadian Entomologist. 136: 61–76. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.552.2285. doi:10.4039/n03-043. S2CID 36459014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-08-18. Retrieved 2010-04-09.

[Palaeomyia-17] Poinar, G. O. Jr. (2004). "Palaeomyia burmitis (Diptera: Phlebotomidae), a new genus and species of Cretaceous sand flies with evidence of blood-sucking habits". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 106: 598–605.

[:0-18] Kennedy, W.J. (December 2004). "Ammonites from the Pawpaw Shale (Upper Albian) in northeast Texas". Cretaceous Research. 25 (6): 865–905. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2004.08.005. ISSN 0195-6671.

[AUL679acanthodians-19] Valiukevičius, Juozas (2004). "Silurian acanthodian succession of the Lužni-4 borehole (Latvia)" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 120–147.

[AUL679Lophosteus-20] Schultze, Hans-Peter; Märss, Tiiu (2004). "Revisiting Lophosteus, a primitive osteichthyan" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 57–78.

[21] Elliott, David K.; Mark-Kurik, Elga; Daeschler, Edward B. (2004). "A revision of Obruchevia (Psammosteida: Heterostraci) and a description of a new obrucheviid from the Late Devonian of the Canadian Arctic" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 22–45.

[22] Žigaitė, Živilė (2004). "A new thelodont from Lower Silurian of Tuva and north-west Mongolia" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 158–165.

[23] Miller, C. Giles; Märss, Tiiu; Blom, Henning (2004). "New anaspid material from the Late Silurian of Britain and Estonia" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 46–56.

[24] Lebedev, Oleg A. (2004). "A new tetrapod Jakubsonia livnensis from the Early Famennian (Devonian) of Russia and palaeoecological remarks on the Late Devonian tetrapod habitats" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 79–98.

[ddinogeorge-25] Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.

[Currie2004-26] Currie, P.J. and D.J. Varricchio. 2004. A new dromaeosaurid from the Horseshoe Canyon Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of Alberta, Canada. In: Feathered Dragons: Studies on the Transition from Dinosaurs to Birds (P.J. Currie, E.B. Koppelhus, M.A. Shugar, and J.L. Wright, eds.). Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IA: pp. 112-132.

[27] Kuang, X.W. (2004). "A new Sauropoda from Kaijiang dinosaur fauna in middle Jurassic beds of North-Eastern Sichuan". In Sun, J.W. (ed.). Collection of the 90th anniversary of Tianjin museum of natural history. Tianjin: Tianjin Science and Technology Press. pp. 40–46.

[Parish2004-28] Parish, J.; Barrett, P.M. (2004). "A reappraisal of the ornithischian dinosaur Amtosaurus magnus Kurzanov and Tumanova 1978, with comments of the status of A. archibaldi Averianov 2002". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 41 (3): 299–306. Bibcode:2004CaJES..41..299P. doi:10.1139/e03-101.

[Martinelli2004-29] Martinelli, A.G. (2004). "Late Cretaceous vertebrates from Bajo de Santa Rosa (Allen Formation), Rio Negro province, Argentina, with the description of a new sauropod dinosaur (Titanosauridae)". Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales. Nueva Series. 6 (2): 257–305. doi:10.22179/REVMACN.6.88.

[Apestegua2004-30] Apestegua, S. (2004). ""Bonitasaura salgadoi" gen. et sp. nov.: a beaked sauropod from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia". Naturwissenschaften. 91 (10): 493–497. Bibcode:2004NW.....91..493A. doi:10.1007/s00114-004-0560-6. PMID 15729763. S2CID 33590452.

[You2004-31] You, H.; Ji, Q.; Lamanna, M.C.; Li, J. (2004). "A titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur with opisthocoelous caudal vertebrae from the Early Late Cretaceous of Liaoning Province, China". Acta Geologica Sinica. 78 (4): 907–911. Bibcode:2004AcGlS..78..907Y. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2004.tb00212.x. S2CID 131081738.

[Xu2004-32] Xu, X.; Norell, M.A.; Kuang, X.; Wang, X.; Zhao, Q.; Jia, C. (2004). "Basal tyrannosauroids from China and evidence for protofeathers in tyrannosauroids" (PDF). Nature. 431 (7009): 680–684. Bibcode:2004Natur.431..680X. doi:10.1038/nature02855. PMID 15470426. S2CID 4381777.

[Calvo2004-33] Calvo, J.O.; Rubilar-Roger, D.; Moreno, K. (2004). "A new Abelisauridae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from northwest Patagonia". Ameghiniana (Rev. Asoc.Paleontol. Argent.). 41 (4): 555–563.

[Xu2004b-34] Xu, X.; Wang, X.-L. (2004). "A New Dromaeosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Western Liaoning". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 42 (2): 11–119. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2004.02.002.

[Hwang2004-35] Hwang, S.H.; Norell, M.A.; Ji, Q.; Gao, K. (2004). "Large compognathid from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of China" (PDF). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2 (1): 13–30. Bibcode:2004JSPal...2...13H. doi:10.1017/S1477201903001081. S2CID 86321886.

[36] Bolotsky, Yu.L.; Godefroit, P. (2004). "A new hadrosaurine dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of far Eastern Russia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (2): 351–365. Bibcode:2004JVPal..24..351B. doi:10.1671/1110. S2CID 130691286.

[37] Salgado, L.; Garrido, A.; Cocca, S.E.; Cocca, J.R. (2004). "Lower Cretaceous rebbachisaurid sauropods from Cerro Aguada del Leon (Lohan Cura Formation), Neuquen Province, northwestern Patagonia, Argentina". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (4): 903–912. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0903:LCRSFC]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 129233849.

[Xu2004c-38] Xu, X.; Norell, M.A. (2004). "A new troodontid dinosaur from China with avian-like sleeping posture" (PDF). Nature. 431 (7010): 838–841. Bibcode:2004Natur.431..838X. doi:10.1038/nature02898. PMID 15483610. S2CID 4362745.

[Naish2004-39] Naish, D.; Martill, D.M.; Frey, E. (2004). "Ecology, systematics and biogeographical relationships of dinosaurs, including a new theropod, from the Santana Formation (?Albian, Early Cretaceous) of Brazil". Historical Biology. 16 (2–4): 1–14. Bibcode:2004HBio...16...57N. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.394.9219. doi:10.1080/08912960410001674200. S2CID 18592288.

[40] Lu, J., Y. Tomida, Y. Azuma, Z.-M. Dong, and Y.- N. Lee. 2004. New oviraptorid dinosaur (Dinosauria: Oviraptorosauria) from the Nemegt Formation of southwestern Mongolia. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo (Series C) 30: pp. 95-130.

[41] Chinnery, B.J. (2004). "Description of "Prenoceratops pieganensis" gen et sp. nov. (Dinosauria: Neoceratopsia) from the Two Medicine Formation of Montana". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (3): 572–590. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0572:DOPPGE]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 86541770.

[Sereno2004-42] Sereno, P.C., J.A. Wilson, and J.L. Conrad. 2004. New dinosaurs link southern landmasses in the Mid-Cretaceous. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London (Series B) published online: pages 1-6.

[43] Xu, X.; Wang, X. (2004). "A new troodontid (Theropoda: Troodontidae) from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Western Liaoning, China". Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition. 78 (1): 22–26. Bibcode:2004AcGlS..78...22X. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2004.tb00671.x. S2CID 129952609.

[Harris_2004-44] Harris, J.D.; Dodson, P. (2004). "A new diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Montana, USA". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 49 (2): 197–210.

[Novas2004-45] Novas, F.E.; Cambiaso, A.V.; Ambrosio, A. (2004). "A new basal iguanodontian (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia". Ameghiniana. 41 (1): 75–85.

[46] Allain, R.; Aquesbi, N.; Dejax, J.; Meyer, C.; Monbaron, M.; Montenat, C.; Richir, P.; Rochdy, M.; Russell, D.; Taquet, P. (2004). "A basal sauropod dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of Morocco" (PDF). Comptes Rendus Palevol. 3 (3): 199–208. Bibcode:2004CRPal...3..199A. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2004.03.001.

[47] Leal; Azevedo, S.A.K.; Kellner, A.W.A.; da Rosa, A.A.S. (2004). "A new early dinosaur (Sauropodomorpha) from the Caturrita Formation (Late Triassic), Paraná Basin, Brazil". Zootaxa. 690: 1–24. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.690.1.1.

[48] Heckert, A.B. 2004. Late Triassic microvertebrates from the lower Chinle Group (Otischalkian-Adamanian: Carnian), southwestern U.S.A. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 27: 170 pages.

[49] Heckert, A.B. 2004. Late Triassic microvertebrates from the lower Chinle Group (Otischalkian-Adamanian: Carnian), southwestern U.S.A. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 27: 170 pages.

[Aberratiodontus-50] Gong Enpu; Hou Lianhai; Wang Lixia (2004). "Enantiornithine Bird with Diapsidian Skull and Its Dental Development in the Early Cretaceous in Liaoning, China". Acta Geologica Sinica. 78 (1): 1–7. Bibcode:2004AcGlS..78....1G. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2004.tb00668.x. S2CID 129218847.

[Borvocarbo-51] Cécile Mourer-Chauviré; Didier Berthet; Marguerite Hugueney (2004). "The Late Oligocene of the Créchy Quarry (Allier, France), with a Description of Two New Genera (Aves: Pelecaniformes: Phalacrocoracidae, and Anseriformes: Anseranatidae)". Senckenbergiana Lethaea. 84 (1–2): 303–315. doi:10.1007/bf03043473. S2CID 84323461.

[Bavaripsitta-52] Gerald Mayr; Ursula B. Göhlich (2004). "A New Parrot from the Miocene of Germany, with Comments on the Variation of Hypotarsus Morphology in Some Psittaciformes" (PDF). Belgian Journal of Zoology. 134 (1): 47–54.

[Colymboides-53] Gerald Mayr (2004). "A Partial Skeleton of a New Fossil Loon (Aves, Gaviiformes) from the Early Oligocene of Germany with Preserved Stomach Content" (PDF). Journal of Ornithology. 145 (4): 281–286. doi:10.1007/s10336-004-0050-9. S2CID 1070943. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2014-07-26.

[Eurotrochilus-54] Gerald Mayr (2004). "Old World Fossil Record of Modern-Type Hummingbirds". Science. 304 (5672): 861–864. Bibcode:2004Sci...304..861M. doi:10.1126/science.1096856. PMID 15131303. S2CID 6845608.

[Iaceornis-55] Julia A. Clarke (2004). "Morphology, Phylogenetic Taxonomy, and Systematics of Ichthyornis and Apatornis (Avialae: Ornithurae)" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 286: 1–179. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2004)286<0001:mptaso>2.0.co;2. hdl:2246/454. S2CID 84035285. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-30. Retrieved 2014-07-26.

[Longirostravis-56] Hou Lianhai; Luis M. Chiappe; Zhang Fucheng; Chuong Cheng-Ming (2004). "New Early Cretaceous Fossil from China Documents a Novel Trophic Specialization for Mesozoic Birds". Naturwissenschaften. 91 (1): 22–25. Bibcode:2004NW.....91...22H. doi:10.1007/s00114-003-0489-1. PMC 4382005. PMID 14740099.

[Meridiocichla-57] Antoine Louchart (2004). "An Extinct Large Thrush (Aves: Turdidae) from the Late Quaternary of Mediterranean Europe". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen. 233 (2): 275–296. doi:10.1127/njgpa/233/2004/275.

[Miopica-58] Evgeny N. Kurochkin; Denis V. Sobolev (2004). "Miopica paradoxa gen. et sp n. - New Genus and Species of the Miocene Magpie" (PDF). Vestnik Zoologii. 38 (6): 87–90.

[Mirolia-59] Peter Ballmann (2004). "Fossil Calidrinae (Aves: Charadriiformes) from the Middle Miocene of the Nördlinger Ries" (PDF). Bonner Zoologische Beiträge. 52 (1–2): 101–114.

[Primobucco-60] Gerald Mayr; Cécile Mourer-Chauviré; Ilka Weidig (2004). "Osteology and Systematic Position of the Eocene Primobucconidae (Aves, Coraciiformes Sensu Stricto), with First Records from Europe" (PDF). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2 (1): 1–12. Bibcode:2004JSPal...2....1M. doi:10.1017/s1477201903001093. S2CID 34962540. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-25. Retrieved 2014-07-26.

[Ramphastosula-61] Marcelo Stucchi; Mario Urbina (2004). "Ramphastosula (Aves, Sulidae): a New Genus from the Early Pliocene of the Pisco Formation, Peru" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (4): 974–978. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0974:rasang]2.0.co;2. S2CID 28789007.

[Tyto-62] Marco Pavia (2004). "A New Large Barn Owl (Aves, Strigiformes, Tytonidae) from the Middle Pleistocene of Sicily, Italy, and it's Taphonomical Significans" (PDF). Geobios. 37 (5): 631–641. Bibcode:2004Geobi..37..631P. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2003.05.007. hdl:2318/84927. S2CID 31475664.

[Vescornis-63] Zhang Fucheng; Per G.P. Ericson; Zhou Zhonghe (2004). "Description of a New Enantiornithine Bird from the Early Cretaceous of Hebei, Northern China" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 41 (9): 1097–1107. Bibcode:2004CaJES..41.1097Z. doi:10.1139/e04-055. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-10-23. Retrieved 2014-08-04.

[Vitirallus-64] Trevor H. Worthy (2004). "The Fossil Rails (Aves: Rallidae) of Fiji with Descriptions of a New Genus and Species" (PDF). Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 34 (3): 295–314. Bibcode:2004JRSNZ..34..295W. doi:10.1080/03014223.2004.9517768. S2CID 129705107. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-07-29. Retrieved 2014-07-26.

[Wingegyps-65] Herculano M. Alvarenga; Storrs L. Olson (2004). "A New Genus of Tiny Condor from the Pleistocene of Brazil (Aves: Vulturidae)" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 117 (1): 1–9.

[66] Kissel, R.A. & Reisz, R.R. "Synapsid fauna of the Upper Pennsylvanian Rock Lake Shale near Garnett, Kansas and the diversity pattern of early amniotes". In G. Arratia, M. V. H. Wilson & R. Cloutier (eds.). Recent Advances in the Origin and Early Radiation of Vertebrates. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 2004.

[67] Sidor, C.A.; Hopson, J.A.; Keyser, A.W. (2004). "A new burnetiamorph theraspid from the Teekloof Formation, Permian, of South Africa". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (4): 938–950. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0938:ANBTFT]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 85752458.

[68] Sidor, C.A.; Smith, R.M.H. (2004). "A new galesaurid (Therapsida: Cynodontia) from the Lower Triassic of South Africa". Palaeontology. 47 (3): 535–556. Bibcode:2004Palgy..47..535S. doi:10.1111/j.0031-0239.2004.00378.x. S2CID 129906726.

[69] Anderson, J.S.; Reisz, R.R. (2004). "Pyozia mesenensis, a new, small varanopid (Synapsida, Eupelycosauria) from Russia: "Pelycosaur" diversity in the Middle Permian". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (1): 173–179. Bibcode:2004JVPal..24..173A. doi:10.1671/1940-13. S2CID 59023934.

[70] Datta, P.M.; Das, D.P.; Luo, Z.-X. (2004). "A Late Triassic dromatheriid (Synapsida: Cynodontia) from India". Annals of Carnegie Museum. 73 (2): 12–24. doi:10.5962/p.215151. S2CID 90271923.